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#1. Which phenomenon causes a pencil to look bent in water?
Explanation:
Light bends when it passes from air to water, causing refraction.
#2. The chemical formula of washing soda is?
✅ Detailed meaning:
Washing soda is the common name for a compound called sodium carbonate that contains 10 water molecules per formula unit — hence “deca” (ten) hydrate (water).
So its chemical formula is Na₂CO₃·10H₂O
